Improvement in locks



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

IRA D. BUSH, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

IMPROVEMENT 'IN LOCKS.

Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 55,6 l 6, dated June 19, 1866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IRA D. BUSH, ot' Detroit, in the county of' Wayne and State ot Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Locks; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanyin g drawings, forming part ot' this specification.

The present invention relates to that class ot' locks having a latch-bolt, 77so called, which bolt, after having` been drawn in by properly turning' the handle or knob of the lock, which may be connected with its tail orinner end in any ofthe usual inodes,) is by the present improvement thrown forward or projected out of lthe lock-casing by means of a cam of the proper shape and weight applied to the knob or handle spindleot the lock in such a manner as to turn in conjunction with it, bearing against the tail or inner end of the latch-bolt, and th us, by its weight, throw the bolt forward or project it out of the lock-casing, this cam dispensing with the use of springs in connection with the latch-bolt, as heretofore, it furthermore being of such a shape as to work the same whether the lock-bolt when drawn in moves from the right to the left or vice versa.

This invention also consists in a novel arrangement of tumblers, which are so hung upon one or both sides of the bolt as to both slide and swing upon the saine, whereby with the use of a proper-shaped key the bolt can be locked or unlocked at pleasure; and it furthermore consists in a novel manner ot securing the knob shaft or spindle in and to the lock-casing, by means of which the yoke of the knob-spindle, for drawing in the bolt as the knob is turned, is also held in position to properly act upon the bolt, as will be, in connection with the other parts of the present improvements, now described, reference being had to the accompanying plate of drawings, in which- Figure l is a view ot the lock-casing With one ot' the side plates removed, showing the interior arrangement of parts for operating its bolt; Fig. 2, a transverse section taken in the plane x a', Fig. l; Fig. 3, a section through a portion of the length ot the lock-casing in the plane ofthe line y y, Fig. 1 Figs. 4 and 5. detail views of two ofthe tumblers ot' the lock, and Fig. 6 another detail view.

A in the drawings represents the lockcasing; B, the latch-bolt, projecting by one end, O, from the lock-casing A, its other or inner end, l), having two curved or bent arms, E E, the extreme ends ot each of which have a lug, F. Upon both sides ot the lock-bolt B are tuinblers G G, the number of which may.

be more or less, according as may be desired, but which in the present instance is three, (one upon one side and two upon the other,) the three being' hung at one end toward the projecting' end ot` the bolt B to a common pin or pivot, H', so as to loosely turn thereon, which pin passes through a slot, I, made in the bolt in the direction of its length. These tumblers are each made ot' the shape of a sector and ot equal size, being cut out in their central portions, J, with a similar rounded projection, K, at the same points of both the inner edges of the sector-frames, but with wards or projections L upon both the inner edges of each tumbler, at similar points of both edges in one, but ditterently formed with regard to each other in the several tuniblers.

Mis the hole for theinsertion ot'thekeyN in the lock, (through the bolt of which it passes,) the key being made ot' such a shape that by turning it in the proper direction it will not only raise or lift the several tumblers upon both sides of the 'latch-bolt, but at the same time move or slide them by their common centerpin in the slot I ot' the bolt, either toward the projecting end of the same or in the opposite direction, the length `of the said slot forming the limit of the rectilinear movement of the several tuinblers, which tumblers, when in the position shown in Fig. 1, with their several rounded projections K over the transverse raised lip or ange o at the inner end of the bolt, tlrmly hold and secure the bolt in position, preventing it from being moved either one way or the other or drawn in until they are disengaged from such raised ange 0, to do which itis necessary to use a proper-shaped key which will both turn and slide the tuinblers, as before explained; P P, the knobs or handles of the lock, attached to a common spindle or shaft, Q, passing transversely through the look-casing and turning loosely in each of the side plates, Q, of the same; R, a collar fixed to one end ot the handle-'spindle Q, embracing` one-half the periphery7 of the same, which collar, when the spindle is passed through the lock-casing from its front to its rear side, is brought opposite to the larger half, S, ot the opening,` in the front plate, and then turned around so as to rest upon the inside ofthe smaller portion, T, ofthe same 'opening', when placing;` the yoke U upon the said spindle it becomes interlocked with its halt'` collar, as plainly shown in Fig. 3, so that if then the knob-spindle be turned the arms of such yoke, according as the handle is turned to the right or left, by abutting against the lug of either one of the bolt-arms, will move the bolt in conjunction therewith, drawing` it into t the lock-casing, (it being', however, rst un locked,) which, as soon as the handle is removed from the knob, is thrown out again by Athe falling` of the heavy or weighted seotor shaped cani W', swinging upon the knobspindl'e as a center, and moving around in a suitable way of the lock-casing, as is obvious by an inspection of the drawings without any further explanation. Y

From the above description it is plainly apparent that bythe collar R and yoke U of the knob-spindle, arranged upon the same in the manner explained, the spindle is not only secured in the lock-casing, but the yoke also fixed upon the spindle and in position for operating the latch-bolt, as specified.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The slidin andV swinging` tumbler Gr, hun g upon the bolt of the lock, and arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified.

2. The collar R of knobspindle or shaftQ, in combination with the opening,` S I in the lock-plate'and the yoke U, placed over such shaft and interlocking` with the said collar, substantially as and for the purpose described.

IRA D. BUSH.

Witnesses: Mannion: J. GHAFFEE, HARRY C. ANDREWS. 

